The Consumer Protection Act, 2019 lets consumers seek replacement, refund and compensation for defective goods, deficient services and unfair trade practices.
Which Commission
| Value of goods or services paid | Forum |
|---|---|
| Up to ₹50 lakh | District Commission |
| ₹50 lakh to ₹2 crore | State Commission |
| Above ₹2 crore | National Commission |
The complaint can be filed where the opposite party carries on business or where the complainant resides or works.
Time limit
A complaint must generally be filed within two years from the date the cause of action arose. Delay can be condoned only for sufficient cause.
Filing
Complaints are filed online on the e-Daakhil portal with an affidavit and supporting documents. There is no fee for complaints up to ₹5 lakh.
Common complaints
Defective products, refunds not given, insurance claim rejections, builder delays, banking deficiencies, and medical negligence.
Who is not a consumer
A person who buys goods for resale or for a commercial purpose is generally not a consumer, except when the goods are used exclusively to earn a livelihood by self-employment.
This guide explains the general position in India. Fees and rules change; your facts may change the answer. Speak to us before acting on it.